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	<title>Comments on: Oil Companies and Climate Change Redux</title>
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	<link>http://numero57.net/2008/03/20/oil-companies-and-climate-change-redux/</link>
	<description>a blog by Jim Bliss</description>
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		<title>By: Jim Bliss</title>
		<link>http://numero57.net/2008/03/20/oil-companies-and-climate-change-redux/#comment-1209</link>
		<dc:creator>Jim Bliss</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 12 May 2008 16:04:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://numero57.net/?p=254#comment-1209</guid>
		<description>Hi &lt;b&gt;Brendan&lt;/b&gt;, thanks for your comment. I&#039;m afraid though, that I&#039;m unaware of any data on the energy consumed (and/or the carbon dioxide produced) by Carbon Capture schemes. But it&#039;s probably worth pointing out that no two schemes will produce the same numbers. For instance...

&lt;i&gt;- processing the raw emissions&lt;/i&gt;
Processing the emissions from coal burning will require more energy than processing natural gas emissions (thanks to the high quantities of other gasses, specifically sulphur dioxide, which need to be dealt with when coal is burnt). Oil will probably fall somewhere in between. Though obviously, that&#039;s just a best guess.

&lt;i&gt;- pumping the refined carbon through an overground pipeline (ie. energy used/kilometre of pipeline)&lt;/i&gt;
That&#039;ll vary wildly depending upon the diameter of the pipeline and the gas pressure employed.

&lt;i&gt;- shipping the carbon out to an offshore depleted oil well&lt;/i&gt;
Depends upon how far out the well is. Also, chances are it&#039;ll be transported by pipeline rather than ship. And in the case of onshore oil wells, no shipping or offshore pipework will be required.

&lt;i&gt;- pumping the CO2 into the oil well&lt;/i&gt;
Will depend upon a variety of factors such as local geology, well depth, injection pressure, and more.

All in all, it&#039;s a very complicated can of worms you&#039;re opening here. But one that certainly needs to be opened. Individual CCS schemes are ripe for this kind of analysis, but I doubt there&#039;s going to be a &quot;typical&quot; figure for CCS schemes in general, and any average or mean value derived from comparing several schemes may well be meaningless if applied to any specific scheme.

Having said that, the place I&#039;d advise you to check out for further research would be the [energyresources] mailing list.
&lt;a href=&quot;http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/energyresources/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/energyresources/&lt;/a&gt;

You can search the archives without joining the group. I can&#039;t guarantee what you&#039;re looking for is in there, but it might point you in the right direction.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hi <b>Brendan</b>, thanks for your comment. I&#8217;m afraid though, that I&#8217;m unaware of any data on the energy consumed (and/or the carbon dioxide produced) by Carbon Capture schemes. But it&#8217;s probably worth pointing out that no two schemes will produce the same numbers. For instance&#8230;</p>
<p><i>- processing the raw emissions</i><br />
Processing the emissions from coal burning will require more energy than processing natural gas emissions (thanks to the high quantities of other gasses, specifically sulphur dioxide, which need to be dealt with when coal is burnt). Oil will probably fall somewhere in between. Though obviously, that&#8217;s just a best guess.</p>
<p><i>- pumping the refined carbon through an overground pipeline (ie. energy used/kilometre of pipeline)</i><br />
That&#8217;ll vary wildly depending upon the diameter of the pipeline and the gas pressure employed.</p>
<p><i>- shipping the carbon out to an offshore depleted oil well</i><br />
Depends upon how far out the well is. Also, chances are it&#8217;ll be transported by pipeline rather than ship. And in the case of onshore oil wells, no shipping or offshore pipework will be required.</p>
<p><i>- pumping the CO2 into the oil well</i><br />
Will depend upon a variety of factors such as local geology, well depth, injection pressure, and more.</p>
<p>All in all, it&#8217;s a very complicated can of worms you&#8217;re opening here. But one that certainly needs to be opened. Individual CCS schemes are ripe for this kind of analysis, but I doubt there&#8217;s going to be a &#8220;typical&#8221; figure for CCS schemes in general, and any average or mean value derived from comparing several schemes may well be meaningless if applied to any specific scheme.</p>
<p>Having said that, the place I&#8217;d advise you to check out for further research would be the [energyresources] mailing list.<br />
<a href="http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/energyresources/" rel="nofollow">http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/energyresources/</a></p>
<p>You can search the archives without joining the group. I can&#8217;t guarantee what you&#8217;re looking for is in there, but it might point you in the right direction.</p>
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		<title>By: Brendan Tapley</title>
		<link>http://numero57.net/2008/03/20/oil-companies-and-climate-change-redux/#comment-1208</link>
		<dc:creator>Brendan Tapley</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 12 May 2008 15:27:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://numero57.net/?p=254#comment-1208</guid>
		<description>Hi guys, good work in your astute calculations and checking of calculations which appears to be being pursued on an entirely voluntary basis.

I am currently trying to find out if there is any information available with respect to the carbon emissions generated from the capture, transport and storage of carbon.
Im looking for info such as the CO2 produced (or energy used) from:
- processing the raw emissions,
- pumping the refined carbon through an overground pipeline (ie. energy used/kilometre of pipeline)
- shipping the carbon out to an offshore depleted oil well
- pumping the CO2 into the oil well

I suspect theres no easy answer or reference point but its worth asking.

Thanks

Brendan</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hi guys, good work in your astute calculations and checking of calculations which appears to be being pursued on an entirely voluntary basis.</p>
<p>I am currently trying to find out if there is any information available with respect to the carbon emissions generated from the capture, transport and storage of carbon.<br />
Im looking for info such as the CO2 produced (or energy used) from:<br />
- processing the raw emissions,<br />
- pumping the refined carbon through an overground pipeline (ie. energy used/kilometre of pipeline)<br />
- shipping the carbon out to an offshore depleted oil well<br />
- pumping the CO2 into the oil well</p>
<p>I suspect theres no easy answer or reference point but its worth asking.</p>
<p>Thanks</p>
<p>Brendan</p>
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		<title>By: Larry Teabag</title>
		<link>http://numero57.net/2008/03/20/oil-companies-and-climate-change-redux/#comment-1207</link>
		<dc:creator>Larry Teabag</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 25 Mar 2008 19:17:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://numero57.net/?p=254#comment-1207</guid>
		<description>A friend of mine based his whole PhD thesis on a paper of some other (highly distinguished) scientists. In the final months while he was polishing it up for submission, they publicly admitted to a crucial mistake in their work, which in turn brought his entire thesis crashing to the ground.

It sucks hole, but it happens. I know the profs felt shitty screwing over a student like that. But he got an extension, and got on with redoing his research - which turned out well (if a year or two late) - and bore no grudges. He&#039;s now a very successful researcher in his own right.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A friend of mine based his whole PhD thesis on a paper of some other (highly distinguished) scientists. In the final months while he was polishing it up for submission, they publicly admitted to a crucial mistake in their work, which in turn brought his entire thesis crashing to the ground.</p>
<p>It sucks hole, but it happens. I know the profs felt shitty screwing over a student like that. But he got an extension, and got on with redoing his research &#8211; which turned out well (if a year or two late) &#8211; and bore no grudges. He&#8217;s now a very successful researcher in his own right.</p>
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		<title>By: Mark Wadsworth</title>
		<link>http://numero57.net/2008/03/20/oil-companies-and-climate-change-redux/#comment-1206</link>
		<dc:creator>Mark Wadsworth</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 21 Mar 2008 01:27:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://numero57.net/?p=254#comment-1206</guid>
		<description>You are right, one litre petrol = 2.4 kg of CO2, one litre weighs 750g, so one kg petrol = 3.2 kg C02. A bit less than 3.66r, but hey!

One barrel = 159 litres, weighs 127 kg, 20% lost in processing (or not burnt) = 100kg (which agrees to your figure).

So, yes, 40 million barrels = 13 million tonnes CO2.

Anyway, what&#039;s 40 million barrels between friends? Global oil usage is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lifeaftertheoilcrash.net/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;80 million barrels per day&lt;/a&gt;, so whether it runs out on 17 May 2083 at 3 in the morning or 3 in the afternoon is neither here nor there.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>You are right, one litre petrol = 2.4 kg of CO2, one litre weighs 750g, so one kg petrol = 3.2 kg C02. A bit less than 3.66r, but hey!</p>
<p>One barrel = 159 litres, weighs 127 kg, 20% lost in processing (or not burnt) = 100kg (which agrees to your figure).</p>
<p>So, yes, 40 million barrels = 13 million tonnes CO2.</p>
<p>Anyway, what&#8217;s 40 million barrels between friends? Global oil usage is <a href="http://www.lifeaftertheoilcrash.net/" rel="nofollow">80 million barrels per day</a>, so whether it runs out on 17 May 2083 at 3 in the morning or 3 in the afternoon is neither here nor there.</p>
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		<title>By: Jim Bliss</title>
		<link>http://numero57.net/2008/03/20/oil-companies-and-climate-change-redux/#comment-1205</link>
		<dc:creator>Jim Bliss</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 20 Mar 2008 22:51:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://numero57.net/?p=254#comment-1205</guid>
		<description>Thanks for that, &lt;b&gt;Tim&lt;/b&gt;. As I say though, it&#039;s not so much the error that got to me as it is (a) the possibility that it might be misinterpreted (maliciously or otherwise), and (b) the fact that someone I respect (George Monbiot) cited the calculations to support a position.

You&#039;re absolutely right though; to err is indeed human.

You&#039;ve confused me there &lt;b&gt;Mark&lt;/b&gt; (it&#039;s been a long day). That &quot;40 million x 127 kg x 3.17 = 16.1 million tonnes&quot; thing; I don&#039;t see what you&#039;re getting at.

Assuming the 3.15 multiplier is correct (and I&#039;ve double-checked it and believe that it is), then, having established that a barrel of crude oil contains 100.73kg of liquid fuel (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://numero57.net/?p=255&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://numero57.net/?p=255&lt;/a&gt;), it stands to reason that one barrel will emit 317kg of CO2 when consumed.

To get the total emissions from X barrels, then, seems to be a simple multiplication.

I was wrong about the amount of CO2 being captured, but I&#039;m pretty sure I&#039;m right on this.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks for that, <b>Tim</b>. As I say though, it&#8217;s not so much the error that got to me as it is (a) the possibility that it might be misinterpreted (maliciously or otherwise), and (b) the fact that someone I respect (George Monbiot) cited the calculations to support a position.</p>
<p>You&#8217;re absolutely right though; to err is indeed human.</p>
<p>You&#8217;ve confused me there <b>Mark</b> (it&#8217;s been a long day). That &#8220;40 million x 127 kg x 3.17 = 16.1 million tonnes&#8221; thing; I don&#8217;t see what you&#8217;re getting at.</p>
<p>Assuming the 3.15 multiplier is correct (and I&#8217;ve double-checked it and believe that it is), then, having established that a barrel of crude oil contains 100.73kg of liquid fuel (see <a href="http://numero57.net/?p=255" rel="nofollow">http://numero57.net/?p=255</a>), it stands to reason that one barrel will emit 317kg of CO2 when consumed.</p>
<p>To get the total emissions from X barrels, then, seems to be a simple multiplication.</p>
<p>I was wrong about the amount of CO2 being captured, but I&#8217;m pretty sure I&#8217;m right on this.</p>
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		<title>By: Mark Wadsworth</title>
		<link>http://numero57.net/2008/03/20/oil-companies-and-climate-change-redux/#comment-1204</link>
		<dc:creator>Mark Wadsworth</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 20 Mar 2008 22:40:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://numero57.net/?p=254#comment-1204</guid>
		<description>OK, knock off 20% from 466 kg and we get 373 kg, let&#039;s not split hairs, maybe the figure you used of 315 kg is correct (bearing in mind that some of oil is hydrogen and other stuff, it&#039;s not pure carbon.

However, another daft mistake you made was 40 million barrels x 317 kg = 12.7 million tonnes.

Don&#039;t forget that 1 barrel = 127 kg.

So that should be 40 million x 127 kg x 3.17 = 16.1 million tonnes. Which is close to the prof&#039;s figure of 20 million (which is presumably a mid figure between CO2 caused by 40 million and by 60 million barrels)

That said, I don&#039;t believe for one second that you can compress CO2 to such a degree that it displaces more than 3.17 times its own weight in oil. But happily, I don&#039;t believe in MMGW any more either.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>OK, knock off 20% from 466 kg and we get 373 kg, let&#8217;s not split hairs, maybe the figure you used of 315 kg is correct (bearing in mind that some of oil is hydrogen and other stuff, it&#8217;s not pure carbon.</p>
<p>However, another daft mistake you made was 40 million barrels x 317 kg = 12.7 million tonnes.</p>
<p>Don&#8217;t forget that 1 barrel = 127 kg.</p>
<p>So that should be 40 million x 127 kg x 3.17 = 16.1 million tonnes. Which is close to the prof&#8217;s figure of 20 million (which is presumably a mid figure between CO2 caused by 40 million and by 60 million barrels)</p>
<p>That said, I don&#8217;t believe for one second that you can compress CO2 to such a degree that it displaces more than 3.17 times its own weight in oil. But happily, I don&#8217;t believe in MMGW any more either.</p>
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		<title>By: Tim Worstall</title>
		<link>http://numero57.net/2008/03/20/oil-companies-and-climate-change-redux/#comment-1203</link>
		<dc:creator>Tim Worstall</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 20 Mar 2008 22:34:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://numero57.net/?p=254#comment-1203</guid>
		<description>&quot;Seriously, you&#039;ve no idea how sick I feel about this mess.&quot;

My point exactly. You shouldn&#039;t feel &quot;sick&quot; about this. A mistake was made, a mistake was pointed out, a mistake was acknowledged.

Excellent, knowledge moves forward, we all know more than we did before. What&#039;s not to like here?

Sure, all of us (and I&#039;ve made similar mistakes) would prefer that the mistake was never made, but being infallible is given to no man except that bloke in Rome.

Seriously, buck up! That you were in error shows that you are human. That you agreed that you were in error, that you corrected it, shows that you are, well, given your political views, perhaps you don&#039;t think that &quot;gentleman&quot; is quite the compliment that I think it is. Would &quot;mensch&quot; be an acceptable substitute?

I do, of course, as you know, disagree with you on many matters. This one though? It&#039;s not a matter of disagreement, it&#039;s an error, and neither you nor I, nor anyone else, is going to progress from here to the grave without making some of those.

What matters is how one deals with them and, for what little my opinion is worth, you&#039;ve done exactly the right thing.

Good man, well done.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;Seriously, you&#8217;ve no idea how sick I feel about this mess.&#8221;</p>
<p>My point exactly. You shouldn&#8217;t feel &#8220;sick&#8221; about this. A mistake was made, a mistake was pointed out, a mistake was acknowledged.</p>
<p>Excellent, knowledge moves forward, we all know more than we did before. What&#8217;s not to like here?</p>
<p>Sure, all of us (and I&#8217;ve made similar mistakes) would prefer that the mistake was never made, but being infallible is given to no man except that bloke in Rome.</p>
<p>Seriously, buck up! That you were in error shows that you are human. That you agreed that you were in error, that you corrected it, shows that you are, well, given your political views, perhaps you don&#8217;t think that &#8220;gentleman&#8221; is quite the compliment that I think it is. Would &#8220;mensch&#8221; be an acceptable substitute?</p>
<p>I do, of course, as you know, disagree with you on many matters. This one though? It&#8217;s not a matter of disagreement, it&#8217;s an error, and neither you nor I, nor anyone else, is going to progress from here to the grave without making some of those.</p>
<p>What matters is how one deals with them and, for what little my opinion is worth, you&#8217;ve done exactly the right thing.</p>
<p>Good man, well done.</p>
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		<title>By: Jim Bliss</title>
		<link>http://numero57.net/2008/03/20/oil-companies-and-climate-change-redux/#comment-1202</link>
		<dc:creator>Jim Bliss</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 20 Mar 2008 21:35:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://numero57.net/?p=254#comment-1202</guid>
		<description>Tim, I&#039;m not sure I&#039;m being overly &quot;defensive&quot; about my calculations (though it&#039;s impossible to say that without sounding overly defensive). Within a couple of hours of discovering my error (long enough to confirm that it was in fact an error), I posted an immediate retraction.

However, I genuinely felt it important not only to explain that my work contained an error, but also to explain what that error was and why it occurred.

I was absolutely mortified by the thought that someone might think I deliberately &quot;cooked the numbers&quot; given my history of criticising the oil industry. There are certain less-than-fair-minded individuals who would be more than willing to imbue my &quot;error&quot; with an agenda. That&#039;s the kind of thing that sinks careers (and rightly so if such an agenda did exist and resulted in deliberate falsification).

That&#039;s the only reason I&#039;m bending over backwards to make it clear where and why the mistake happened. Seriously, you&#039;ve no idea how sick I feel about this mess.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Tim, I&#8217;m not sure I&#8217;m being overly &#8220;defensive&#8221; about my calculations (though it&#8217;s impossible to say that without sounding overly defensive). Within a couple of hours of discovering my error (long enough to confirm that it was in fact an error), I posted an immediate retraction.</p>
<p>However, I genuinely felt it important not only to explain that my work contained an error, but also to explain what that error was and why it occurred.</p>
<p>I was absolutely mortified by the thought that someone might think I deliberately &#8220;cooked the numbers&#8221; given my history of criticising the oil industry. There are certain less-than-fair-minded individuals who would be more than willing to imbue my &#8220;error&#8221; with an agenda. That&#8217;s the kind of thing that sinks careers (and rightly so if such an agenda did exist and resulted in deliberate falsification).</p>
<p>That&#8217;s the only reason I&#8217;m bending over backwards to make it clear where and why the mistake happened. Seriously, you&#8217;ve no idea how sick I feel about this mess.</p>
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		<title>By: Tim Worstall</title>
		<link>http://numero57.net/2008/03/20/oil-companies-and-climate-change-redux/#comment-1201</link>
		<dc:creator>Tim Worstall</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 20 Mar 2008 21:25:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://numero57.net/?p=254#comment-1201</guid>
		<description>&quot;The threshold of &#039;tipping point&#039; is very widely accepted as a global temperature increase of 2 degrees above pre-industrial levels. That means keeping atmospheric CO2 levels at around 400parts per million or below. We&#039;re already at 380ppm, and rising at about 2ppm annually.&quot;

I agree it&#039;s widely accepted. I don&#039;t agree that it&#039;s true. There&#039;s nothing in the IPCC reports (which, I assume, we&#039;re all using as our baseline) to say that it is.

More importantly, above about Jim&#039;s defensiveness about his calculation. Please, don&#039;t be so: I like and admire lots of your writing, I disagree with other parts of it. But I&#039;m not counting coup in having shown you to be &quot;wrong&quot;. &quot;You&quot;, &quot;We&quot;, &quot;I&quot; &quot;Us&quot; will get to the truth about such matters: as I was rightly corrected on my response to that Lancet report. Jim was righteously corrected here.

And thus do we find truth.

I assume that is what we&#039;re all after?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;The threshold of &#8216;tipping point&#8217; is very widely accepted as a global temperature increase of 2 degrees above pre-industrial levels. That means keeping atmospheric CO2 levels at around 400parts per million or below. We&#8217;re already at 380ppm, and rising at about 2ppm annually.&#8221;</p>
<p>I agree it&#8217;s widely accepted. I don&#8217;t agree that it&#8217;s true. There&#8217;s nothing in the IPCC reports (which, I assume, we&#8217;re all using as our baseline) to say that it is.</p>
<p>More importantly, above about Jim&#8217;s defensiveness about his calculation. Please, don&#8217;t be so: I like and admire lots of your writing, I disagree with other parts of it. But I&#8217;m not counting coup in having shown you to be &#8220;wrong&#8221;. &#8220;You&#8221;, &#8220;We&#8221;, &#8220;I&#8221; &#8220;Us&#8221; will get to the truth about such matters: as I was rightly corrected on my response to that Lancet report. Jim was righteously corrected here.</p>
<p>And thus do we find truth.</p>
<p>I assume that is what we&#8217;re all after?</p>
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		<title>By: The Quiet Road &#187; Blog Archive &#187; Oil companies and Climate Change</title>
		<link>http://numero57.net/2008/03/20/oil-companies-and-climate-change-redux/#comment-1200</link>
		<dc:creator>The Quiet Road &#187; Blog Archive &#187; Oil companies and Climate Change</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 20 Mar 2008 17:16:25 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://numero57.net/?p=254#comment-1200</guid>
		<description>[...] Miller Field CCS project). For details of this error, please read the correction / apology: Oil companies and Climate Change Redux. For the calculation estimating the quantity of CO2 emitted by a single barrel of oil, please see: [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Miller Field CCS project). For details of this error, please read the correction / apology: Oil companies and Climate Change Redux. For the calculation estimating the quantity of CO2 emitted by a single barrel of oil, please see: [...]</p>
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